Yanbu Al-Bahr, commonly known as Yanbu, is a captivating coastal town on the Red Sea, located 300 kilometers north of Jeddah and 140 kilometers west of Madinah Al-Munawarah. This city has thrived for millennia due to its strategic location along ancient maritime routes and its role as the natural port for the oasis of Madinah. Additionally, the availability of underground water close to the surface has been a significant advantage for the region.
A Historical Hub
Yanbu’s historical significance is profound. During World War I, it served as a crucial supply and operational base for Arab and British forces fighting the Ottoman Empire. The famous British army officer, Thomas Edward Lawrence, also known as Lawrence of Arabia, lived in the old town of Yanbu between 1915 and 1916, further cementing its place in history.
Transformation into an Industrial Powerhouse
For many years, Yanbu remained a small port town. However, in 1975, the Saudi government designated it as one of the country’s two new industrial centers, alongside Al Jubayl on the Arabian Gulf. This led to the creation of Yanbu Industrial City (Yanbu Al-Sina’iya) and the establishment of large industrial petrochemical facilities along the shore.
A City with Multiple Faces
The Old Yanbu
While Jeddah is renowned for its old town, Al-Balad, Yanbu also boasts a brilliant example of the unique Hejazi architectural style found along the Arabian coast of the Red Sea. The old city of Yanbu, currently undergoing restoration since 2020, features traditional Arabian houses made of coral stones and adorned with rawashin (projecting latticed windows with intricate woodwork).
Visitors to old Yanbu can explore shaded narrow streets, an open square with an old coral stone mosque, and an indoor market that offers the authentic ambiance of an oriental souq while providing protection from the sun. The seaside esplanade is a perfect spot to savor local seafood specialties, with fresh fish cooked and served with spiced rice.
One of the intriguing secrets of old Yanbu is the house where Lawrence of Arabia lived. Local residents believe the house has been unoccupied since his departure due to rumors of it being haunted by evil spirits.
Yanbu Corniche
Yanbu is divided into two parts, separated by 20 kilometers. The northern part hosts the old town, while the southern part is home to the industrial city. Modern resorts and the picturesque corniche are located in the south, offering stunning views of the turquoise waters of the Red Sea and the green mangrove bushes along the shore.
From the corniche, visitors can embark on boat rides to beautiful sandbanks and coral reef islands, which are paradises for beach lovers and scuba divers. It’s important to note that local customs prohibit wearing western-style swimsuits on public beaches.
Further south along the coast, the impressive facilities of Yanbu Industrial City are visible from the road, although they are not open to visitors.
How to Visit Yanbu
Yanbu is easily accessible by road, being just a two-and-a-half-hour drive from Madinah Al-Munawarah. The city also has its own domestic airport, making it convenient for travelers from Riyadh and other parts of Saudi Arabia.
Yanbu is a city that beautifully blends its rich historical heritage with modern industrial development. Whether you’re a history enthusiast, a lover of traditional architecture, or an adventurer seeking underwater wonders, Yanbu offers a unique and unforgettable experience.
